serotonin, or 5- hydroxytriptamine, is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the body, influencing over 500,000 neurons (Byrd, 2002). Serotonin originates in the midline of the passstem and travels from the brain to all parts of the nervous system. Serotonin is synthesized from the amino savage tryptophan and is structurally similar to the hallucinogenic LSD. Cells in the brain use tryptophan hydroxylase to combine with tryptophan to form 5- hydroxytryptamine, (serotonin) (Bouchez 2008). Serotonin is similarly released from platelets in blood vessels when the walls of the blood vessels are damaged (Serotonin 2001). There are about 15 different receptors for serotonin existing in four populations: 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, and 5-HT4. Although 90% of serotonin is frame in the intestines, the most studied effects of serotonin are in the central nervous system.
Because serotonin influences so umteen another(prenominal) neurons, it is responsible for multiple behaviors ranging from sleep, memory, sex drive, and learning to cardiovascular act and muscle contractions.
Along with influencing behaviors, serotonin is also responsible for many diseases and illnesses. Depression is one of the most known illnesses related to serotonin levels. It appears to occur due to impaired metabolism of central amines or peptide neurotransmitters and their receptor cites (Diseases and Conditions), meaning there is not enough of it. Anxiety, psychoneurotic disorder, panic disorder, and excess anger are all also possibly caused by low brain cell mathematical product of serotonin, lack of receptor sites available to receive serotonin, inability of serotonin to reach receptor sites, or shortage in tryptophan (Bouchez 2008).
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